应用OCT研究黄斑区视网膜厚度与糖尿病性视网膜病变程度相关性

The correlation between macular retinal thickness and the degree of diabetic retinopathy by OCT

目的应用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)探讨2型糖尿病患者黄斑区视网膜全层厚度(RT)与糖尿病性视网膜病变(DR)程度的相关性。方法选取2016年6月~2017年6月,2型糖尿病患者85例85只眼纳入本研究,对照组29例29只眼,按DR的国际临床分型将2型糖尿病患者分为无糖尿病视网膜病变组(NDR)、非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变组(NPDR)、增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变组(PDR)。应用Heidelberg Spectralis-OCT测量中心凹处、中心凹外750μm处上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧视网膜全层厚度。应用统计学方法分析各组RT是否有差异。结果在中心凹区对照组、NDR组、NPDR组RT值分别与PDR组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中心凹外750μm处RT值随病变加重逐渐增大,但对照组与NDR组比较,中心凹外750μm处鼻侧NPDR组与PDR组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。其余各组同一项目间两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论随DR患病程度的加重,黄斑区视网膜厚度逐渐增厚。

Objective To observe the thickness of macular retinal thickness in type 2 diabetic patients with different degree of retinopathy and normal subjects by optical coherence tomography（ OCT）. Methods From June 2016 to June 2017,85 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this study. Twenty-nine eyes of 29 people in control group. According to the criteria of the international classification of clinical,the patients of type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups： non-DR group,nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy group,proliferative diabetic retinopathy group. OCT was used to measure the macular region retinal thickness in different positions. SPSS 21. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The average RT in the PDR group was respectively compared with the control group,NDR group,NPDR group. The difference was statistically significant in the macular fovea. The average RT of control group,NDR group,NPDR group and the PDR group in the 750μm of the macular fovea were increase gradually. There was no statistically difference in the normal group and NDR group. The average RT in the nasal 750μm of the macular fovea was no statistically difference in the NPDR group and PDR group. The difference was statistically significant in the remaining two groups. Conclusion The retinal thickness in macular region gradually thickened with the aggravation of the degree of DR.