父母心理控制的发展趋势及青少年抑郁、焦虑的影响:一项三年追踪研究

Effect of Adolescent Depression and Anxiety on the Development Tendency of Parental Psychological Control: A 3 Years Follow-Up Study

目的:探究青春期早期阶段父母心理控制的发展趋势,以及青少年抑郁、焦虑对父母心理控制发展的影响。方法:采用问卷法测查了北京市13所中学的1419名初一学生连续三年父母心理控制、青少年抑郁和焦虑的情况,并用多层线性模型分析父母心理控制的发展趋势及青少年抑郁、焦虑对父母心理控制的影响。结果:(1)从初一到初三,父母心理控制呈现先略有上升后明显下降的趋势,抑郁和焦虑呈相对稳定但略有下降的趋势。(2)青少年抑郁和焦虑能够正向预测父母心理控制,青少年抑郁和焦虑水平越高,父母心理控制越严重。结论:从初一到初二,父母心理控制略有上升,到初三时有明显下降;青少年抑郁和焦虑是父母心理控制的重要预测变量。

Objective： To explore the development tendency of parental psychological control in early adolescence, and the effects of adolescent depression and anxiety on parental psychological control. Methods： A total of 1419 students in 13 secondary schools from Beijing were recruited to complete the Parental Psychological Control Scale, the Children＇s Depression Inventory-Short Version, and the Revised Children＇s Manifest Anxiety Scale for three consecutive years. Hierarchical Linear Model was used to explore the development tendency of parental psychological control and the influence of adolescent depression and anxiety. Results：（1）Parental psychological control increased in eighth grade and dropped in ninth grade. Depression and anxiety were stable during junior middle school but dropped slightly in ninth grade.（2）Both adolescent depression and anxiety had significantly positive effects on parental psychological control. Conclusion： Parental psychological control increases from seventh grade to eighth grade, and dropped slightly in ninth grade; both adolescent depression and anxiety influences parental psychological control positively.