母亲依恋风格和幼儿焦虑:亲子依恋的中介作用

Maternal Attachment Style and Child Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Parent-child Relationship

目的:探讨不安全亲子依恋在母亲依恋风格和学前儿童焦虑之间的中介作用。方法:随机选取上海地区303名3-6岁幼儿(Mage=4.72,SD=0.64),其中男孩170名,占56.1%。由幼儿母亲完成学前儿童焦虑量表、亲密关系经历量表和亲子关系量表。结果:(1)回避型亲子依恋在母亲回避型依恋风格与幼儿焦虑间起部分中介作用;(2)矛盾型亲子依恋在母亲焦虑型依恋风格与幼儿焦虑间起部分中介作用;(3)回避型亲子依恋在母亲焦虑型依恋风格与幼儿焦虑间起部分中介作用。结论:母亲依恋风格即可直接影响幼儿焦虑,也可通过亲子依恋间接影响幼儿焦虑。

Objective： To explore the impact of maternal attachment style on child anxiety, and the mediating role of insecure parent-child attachment between maternal attachment style and child anxiety. Methods： Participants included 3033-6 years old children randomly selected from Shanghai（Mage=4.72, SD=0.64, 170 boys, 56.1%）. Mothers＇ ratings on the Spence Children＇s Anxiety Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory and the Parent-child Relationship Scale were used to measure the anxiety of preschoolers, maternal attachment style and parent-child relationship. Results：（1）the relation between maternal avoidant attachment style and child anxiety was partially mediated by avoidant parentchild attachment;（2）the relation between maternal anxious attachment style and child anxiety was partially mediated by resistant parent-child attachment;（3）the relation between maternal anxious attachment style and child anxiety was mediated by avoidant parent-child attachment. Conclusion： Maternal attachment style directly influences child anxiety, as well as indirectly influence child anxiety through parent-child attachment.