直肠癌新辅助药物治疗进展

Progress in neoadjuvant drug therapy of rectal cancer

直肠癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,部分患者在就诊时已处于局部晚期,失去根治性手术机会.如何通过术前治疗提高R0切除率,一直是临床上的重点和难点.已有一些研究表明:通过新辅助药物治疗,部分患者可实现降期、增加R0切缘率、提高保肛率、降低肿瘤局部复发率、控制和消除微小转移灶,从而延长患者生存时间,本文主要就新辅助药物治疗在直肠癌中的意义、可能适应人群及研究进展作相关介绍.

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. A portion of patients have had locally advanced disease at the time of diagnosis and have lost the chance of radical surgery. How to increase the R0 resection rate has always been a major difficulty in clinical practice. Some studies have shown that for some patients, neoadjuvant drug therapy can achieve reduction of clinical stage, increase the R0 resection rate and anus- preserving rate, reduce the local recurrence and micro- metastasis, and prolong the survival time of patients. This article mainly reviews the progress in neoadjuvant drug therapy of rectal cancer.