ICU专科护士岗位胜任力模型构建方法的研究

A study on construction of a position competency model for nurse specialists in intensive care unit

目的探索一套科学实用的建模方法，构建一个完整可靠的重症医学科（ICU）专科护士岗位胜任力模型。方法综合运用文献回顾法、行为事件访谈法、探索性因子分析法及Delphi专家咨询法等确立模型的各级评价指标体系，通过层次分析法及专家评分法确定各指标权重赋值，构建ICU专科护士岗位胜任力模型。结果最终形成ICU专科护士岗位胜任力模型包括危急重症护理能力、反应与应对能力、专业发展能力、人际与合作能力、关爱与自我管理能力5个一级指标，权重分别为0．3779、0．2864、0．0955、0．0955、0．1447；18个二级指标，权重范围为0．0221～0．1014，62个三级指标，权重范围为0．0052～0．0330。结论本研究建模方法科学新颖，所构建模型可靠完整，可为ICU专科护士人力资源管理提供新思路。

Objective To explore a set of scientific and practical method of establishing model to construct a complete reliable intensive care unit （ICU） with a position competency model for professional nurses. Methods In the construction of a position competency model with different levels for ICU nurse specialists, literature retrospective method, behavioral event interview, exploratory factor analysis, Delphi experts consultation, etc methods were used comprehensively to determine the evaluation indicator system of different levels in the model, and every indicator weight value was evaluated by hierarchy analytic process and expert scoring method. Results The final position competency model for ICU nurse specialists included 5 indicators with level 1, such as the critical illness intensive care ability, the reaction and problem solving ability, professional development ability, communication and cooperation ability, and others care and self-management ability whose weights were 0.377 9, 0.286 4, 0.095 5, 0.095 5 and 0.144 7 respectively; included 18 indicators with level 2, the weights ranging from 0.022 1 to 0.101 4, and 62 indicators with level 3, the weights range being 0.005 2 - 0.033 0. Conclusion This design of establishing model method is scientific and innovative, and the constructed competency model is reliable and complete, providing a new idea for the human resource management of ICU nurse specialists.