不同浓度硒处理对茄子幼苗生理特性及硒富集的影响

Effects of Different Selenium Concentrations on Physiological Characteristics and Selenium Accumulation of Eggplant Seedlings

以茄子为试材,通过盆栽试验,将幼苗种植于不同浓度硒(0、5、10、25、50、75、100mg·kg^(-1))的土壤中,研究不同浓度硒对茄子幼苗生理特性及硒富集的影响。结果表明:随土壤硒浓度的增加,茄子幼苗的根系、茎秆、叶片和地上部分生物量及叶绿素含量呈降低的趋势,但均未表现出明显的毒害症状,说明茄子幼苗对土壤硒胁迫具有一定的耐性。随土壤硒浓度的增加,茄子幼苗的净光合速率和蒸腾速率呈先增加后降低趋势,而其胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度则呈降低趋势。茄子幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性随土壤硒浓度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,当土壤硒浓度为5mg·kg^(-1)时,茄子幼苗的这3种抗氧化酶活性均达到最大值。茄子幼苗的根系、茎秆硒含量随土壤硒浓度的增加均呈增加的趋势,而叶片的硒含量则呈先增加后降低的趋势(最大值出现在土壤硒浓度为50mg·kg^(-1),其值为147.26mg·kg^(-1))。这些结果说明,茄子幼苗对硒胁迫的耐性较强,且硒富集量较高。

The pot experiment was conducted to plant the eggplant seedlings in the different concentrations（0,5,10,25,50,75,100 mg·kg^-1）of selenium（Se）soil,and the physiological characteristics and Se accumulation of eggplant seedlings were studied.The results showed that with the increase of soil Se concentrations,the roots,stems,leaves and shoots biomass,and the chlorophyll content of eggplant seedlings were significantly decreased,but there were no obvious symptoms of poison,indicating that the eggplant seedlings had a certain tolerance to Se stress.With the increase of soil Se concentrations,the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of eggplant seedlings firstly increased and then decreased,while the intercellular CO_2 concentration and stomatal conductance decreased.The superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase activities of eggplant seedlings firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of soil Se concentration,when the soil Se concentration was 5 mg·kg^-1,the antioxidase activity of eggplant seedlings reached the maximums.The Se contents in roots and stems of eggplant seedlings were increased with the increase of soil Se concentration,and the Se content in leaves were firstly increased and then decreased（the maximum value appeared in soil Se concentration was 50 mg·kg^-1,and its value was 147.26 mg·kg^-1）.These results indicated that eggplant seedlings had strong tolerance to Se stress,and had higher Se accumulation.