黑龙江省2016年急性脑卒中发病和病死现状分析

Analysis on morbidity and mortality of acute stroke in Heilongjiang in 2016

目的分析黑龙江省2016年出血性与缺血性脑卒中发病状况与病死状况,为脑卒中防控提供依据。方法通过重点慢性病监测系统主动采集辖区内急性脑卒中的病例信息和被动接受死因监测系统相关死亡事件信息,由县区级业务管理员对数据进行审核、查重、订正等,省级业务管理员导出数据后,进一步进行跨地区查重、信息订正、错卡删除等质控工作,建立数据库进行统计分析。结果在黑龙江省,急性缺血性脑卒中的发病率明显高于出血性脑卒中(P<0.01),两类卒中均表现为男性的发病率高于女性(P<0.01),且随年龄增长表现出明显增长趋势。出血性脑卒中表现在寒冷季节病例增多,而缺血性脑卒中表现在冬春季节变换时病例增多。出血性脑卒中诊断1月内、3月内、6月内和12月内病死率皆高于缺血性脑卒中(P<0.01),两类卒中病死率男性均高于女性,北部地区高于南部地区,随着医院级别降低病死率有所增高。结论黑龙江省为急性出血性、缺血性脑卒中的高发地区,其危害不容忽视。开展对群众的健康促进与干预、提高院前急救和医院救治能力应对脑卒中的危害刻不容缓。

Objective To analyze the morbidity and mortality of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in Heilongjiang province in2016,and provide the basis for the prevention and control of stroke. Methods Based on the chronic disease monitoring system,the information of acute stroke case was collected the related deaths information was from the death monitoring system.The data review,duplicate checking,and correction were made by the administrators of county（ district） for the quality control. The provincial administrator further revised the trans-regional data and established the provincial database for statistical analysis. Results The incidence of acute ischemic stroke was significantly higher than those of hemorrhagic stroke（ P〈0.01） in Heilongjiang province. The male incidences of two kinds of strokes were higher than that of female（ P〈0. 01）,which showed obvious increase with age. Hemorrhagic stroke cases increased in cold season,while ischemic stroke cases increased during the winter and spring seasons. The fatality rate of Hemorrhagic stroke within 1 month,3 months,6 months and 12 months after diagnosis were higher than those of ischemic stroke（ P〈0. 01）. The male fatality rates of two kinds of strokes were higher than those of female,and the fatality rate in northern region was higher than that in the south. The fatality rate increased with the lower level of the hospital. Conclusion Heilongjiang province is the high incidence area of acute hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke,and dangers of the disease should not be ignored. It is urgent to carry out the health promotion and intervention,improve the pre-hospital emergency and hospital treatment ability for response to stroke damage.