沈阳市2013-2015年恶性肿瘤死亡流行病学分析

Epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumor death in Shenyang,2013-2015

目的对沈阳市居民恶性肿瘤的死亡流行病学特征进行分析,为相关疾病的预防提供基础。方法根据沈阳市疾病控制中心提供的2013-2015年沈阳市居民恶性肿瘤死亡资料进行数据统计和χ~2检验,分析该市恶性肿瘤死亡情况相关指标。结果 2013-2015年恶性肿瘤粗死亡率220.95/10万(男128.73/10万,女92.20/10万),2013-2015年死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.826,P<0.05)。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、肠癌等都是沈阳市常见的恶性肿瘤,其中肺癌是沈阳市三年间死亡率最高的疾病(228.57/10万),在70~79岁年龄段人群中因恶性肿瘤死亡的人数明显增高(220.46/10万)。2013-2015年总体男性总体居民恶性肿瘤死亡率高于女性总体居民恶性肿瘤死亡率,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.687,P>0.05)。恶性肿瘤死亡率随年龄的增长而明显升高。结论沈阳市患恶性肿瘤死亡的居民人数逐年增加,肺癌是沈阳市死亡首位的恶性肿瘤。可能与当地空气污染、喜食烧烤、饮酒,老人免疫力低下有关,建议相关部门加强肿瘤防治的筛查和宣传工作,为市民营造一个健康绿色的生活环境。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors in Shenyang and provide basis for the prevention of related diseases. Methods According to the statistics of deaths caused by malignant tumor among the residents in Shenyang from 2013 to 2015 provided by the Disease Control Center of Shenyang,and χ^2 test were conducted to analyze the related impacts of the death of malignant tumors in the city. Results The crude mortality rate of malignant tumors from 2013 to 2015 was 220. 95/100 000（ 128. 73/100 000 for males and 92. 20/100000 for females）. There was significant difference in the mortality between 2013 and 2015（ χ^2= 6. 826,P〈0. 05）. Lung cancer,stomach cancer,liver cancer and bowel cancer were common malignant tumors in Shenyang. Lung cancer was the disease with the highest mortality rate in Shenyang in the three years（ 228. 57/100 000）. The number of deaths from malignant tumors in the group aged 70 ~ 79 years increased significantly. The mortality rate of malignant tumor in the male population during 2013 and 2015 was higher than that in the female population（ χ^2= 2. 687,P〉0. 05）. The death rate of malignant tumor increased significantly with the increase of age. Conclusion The number of deaths by cancer among the residents in Shenyang is increasing year by year. Lung cancer is the leading malignant tumor in Shenyang. It may be related to local air pollution,food and barbecue,drinking,and the immunity of the elderly. It is suggested that the local authorities should strengthen the screening and publicity of cancer prevention and control,so as to create a healthy and green living environment for the citizens.