职业技能训练对康复期精神分裂症患者阴性症状及认知功能的影响

Effect of vocational skills training on negative symptoms and cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitative period

目的探讨职业技能训练对康复期精神分裂症患者阴性症状及认知功能的影响。方法将86例康复期精神分裂症患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各43例,对照组给予常规药物治疗及护理,观察组在对照组基础上联合职业技能训练,随访12周,比较两组阳性阴性症状量表(PANSS)、韦氏成人智量表(WAIS-RC)、威斯康星分类检测卡片(WCST)等指标。结果两组实际完成随访各40例。干预后观察组阴性量表、一般病理症状、PANSS总分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);WAIS-RC数字符号、数字广度、视觉深度、以及WCST完成分类数、正确应答数、概念化水平百分数、持续应答数均明显高于对照组,持续性错误数明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论职业技能训练有助于缓解康复期精神分裂症患者阴性症状,改善认知功能。

Objective To investigate the effect of vocational skills training on negative symptoms and cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitative period. Methods A total of 86 cases of patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitative period were divided into the observation group and the control group by using random number table method,with 43 cases in each group. Patients in control group were performed routine drug treatment and nursing,and based on this,patients in observation group were performed vocational skills training. After follow-up visit of 12 weeks,the positive and negative symptoms scale（PANSS）,Wechsler adult intelligence scale（WAIS-RC）,Wisconsin card sorting test（WCST）and other indicators of patients between the two groups were compared. Results 40 cases in each of the two groups completed the follow-up visit. The scores of negative symptoms scale,general pathological symptoms and total PANSS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）;the number of WAIS-RC digit symbols,digit span,vision depth,number of WCST completed categories,number of correct responses,percentage of conceptual level and sustained responses in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the persistent error number was significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Vocational skills training can help to relieve the negative symptoms of patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitation period and improve their cognitive function.