当代中国社会治理变迁视域下的信访制度及其改革目标

The Letters & Calls System and Its Goal of Reform from the Perspectives of the Changing Social Governance in Modern China

对于信访制度的理解需要放在当代中国社会治理变迁视域下进行考量。新中国成立之初法理型权威建设因为难以有效嵌入整个社会系统而未能发挥应有的作用,现实的政治运作陷入了卡里斯玛权威,信访在此情境之下作用凸显。改革开放以来法理型权威重新回归,并通过宪法的形式被固定下来,实现了主权的法治化,但是在治权领域,由于复杂的情形,信访成为兜底性制度。当前信访制度改革的一个总体框架是＂社会治理＂,两个具体的制度改革方向是＂法治化＂和＂多元化纠纷解决机制＂。

The understanding of Letters ＆ Calls System needs to be considered in the perspectives of the changing social governance in modern China. At the beginning of New China, the law-reason-based authority fails to play its role, because it is hard to be effectively embedded in the whole social system. The politics in reality falls into Charisma authority and the Letters ＆ Calls System proves its importance under this situation. Since the reform and opening up, the law-reason-based authority comes back and is fixed in the form of constitution. The legalization of sovereignty is realized. While in the field of governing power, the Letters ＆ Calls System becomes a catch-all system due to the complicated situation. The overall framework of the current letters ＆ calls reform is ＂social governance＂ and two specific reform directions are ＂legalization＂ ＆ ＂multiple dispute resolving mechanism＂.