一种基于声发射阵列的航天器在轨碰撞与泄漏定位方法

An Impact and Leak Location Method for On-orbit Spacecraft based on Acoustic Emission Sensor Array

针对现有航天器碎片碰撞和泄漏定位方法难以兼顾高精度和实时性的问题,提出利用二级声传感器阵列检测航天器在轨碰撞与泄漏声发射信号,通过声达时差法对碰撞点进行定位并利用波束形成法对泄漏进行定位。试验结果表明,在1 m^2范围内,碰撞定位相对误差小于2%,直径1 mm以上漏孔的定位相对误差小于10%。

With the increasing number of space debris, the probability of the collision of on-orbitspacecraft with space debris is significantly increased. In this paper, a new impact and leak location method for on-orbit spacecraft based on acoustic emission sensors array was introduced. The TDOA and Beam Forming Algorithm were used in this method to locate the impact and leak, based on the two-staged acoustic emission sensor array. The experiment results showed that in an 1 m2 aluminum plate, the relative error of impact location was less than 2% , and the relative error of leak location was less than 10% with the leakage diameter above 1 mm.