对涉外协议管辖当事人“选择法院”的规制与保障——中国加入《选择法院协议公约》的考量

Regulation and Guarantee for Parties of Foreign Agreemnet Jurisdiction of Choice of Court

《选择法院协议公约》设置了一个整体较为宽容自由的选择法院机制,特别是对协议形式要件、排他性认定、选择法院范围等直接影响选择法院协议效力的标准宽泛,同时也有一些较为严格的限制。中国目前国内法与公约的规定还存在一定偏差,需要从立法和司法上做出一些调整,以适应公约宽容的选择法院机制。同时为了克服公约一些过于宽泛的制度,需要做出相应的规制,从而保障涉外民商事当事人在公平、公正基础上合理地"选择法院",从而提高司法方式解决涉外民商事纠纷的效率。

A tolerance and freedom mechanism of choice of court is set up by Convention on the Choice of Court Agreement,the broad criteria within the form of the agreement,exclusiveness and choice of court scope influence the validity of the court agreement,and there are also some tighter restrictions. But China＇s current law and the provisions of the convention still exists a certain deviation,need to make some adjustment from the legislative and judicial to adapt the tolerance mechanism of the convention. In order to overcome the permissive choice machanism,China needs to make some corresponding regulations to restrict and guarantee the parties,in foreign-related civil and commercial matters,properly choose the court to resolve their disputes on the basis of fairness and justice,and then improve the efficiency of the judicial way to resolve foreign-related civil and commercial disputes.