1706名医院职工甲状腺超声体检结果分析

Analysis of thyroid sonography results in healthy hospital staff:1706 cases

目的调查医院健康职工甲状腺结节的患病情况及分布特征。方法收集2016年4月至5月本院职工1 706名进行甲状腺超声检查的结果资料,分析甲状腺结节检出率及其在不同性别、年龄的分布情况。结果超声检出甲状腺结节检出率为20.46%,女性高于男性(22.13%比15.78%,P=0.042),男女比例为1∶1.4。医生、护士及后勤行政工作人员甲状腺结节检出率分别为17.86%、22.30%和19.60%,差异没有统计学意义(P=0.106)。男女医生间、内外科医生间及放射科与非放射科职工间甲状腺结节检出率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。检出甲状腺结节中,单发占60.46%,多发占39.54%;结节性质中,实性占44.70%,混合性占11.46%,囊性占43.84%。囊性、混合性和实性结节长径平均值分别为(0.44±0.32)cm、(1.00±0.74)cm和(0.62±0.52)cm,差异有统计学意义(F=22.338,P<0.001),两两组间对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。线性回归示甲状腺结节长径与年龄存在正相关性(P=0.014)。患病集中分布于25～50岁,男女性别的年龄分布集中趋势无明显差异。结论医院职工甲状腺结节检出率较高,集中在青年人群,女性检出率高于男性。

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution of thyroid nodule in healthy hospital staff.Methods The results of thyroid ultrasonography were collected from 1 706 employees of our hospital from April to May 2016. The morbidity and distribution of thyroid nodule in different staff were analyzed. Results The morbidity of thyroid nodule was 20. 46% in whole staffs,the rates in male and female were15. 78% and 22. 13%（ratio was 1∶ 1. 4）,respectively. The difference was statistically significant. Rates of thyroid nodule in doctors,nurses and administrative staff were 11. 86%,22. 30% and 19. 60%,respectively. There was no statistical difference.There was no statistical different of morbidity in doctors with different gender and department. The rates of single and multiple nodules were 60. 46% and 39. 54%,respectively. The rates of cystic,mixed and solid were43. 84%,11. 46% and 44. 70%,respectively. The long diameters of cystic,mixed and solid thyroid nodules were 0. 44 ± 0. 32,1. 00 ± 0. 74 and 0. 62 ± 0. 52 cm. The difference was statistically significant（F = 22. 338,P〈0. 001）. Linear regression showed that there was a positive correlation between diameter of thyroid nodules and age,P = 0. 014. The distribution of thyroid nodules was concentrated from 25 to 50 years of age. There was no distribution difference of central tendency among age with different gender. Conclusion There was a relative high detected rate of thyroid nodules. The distribution was concentrated in youth population,and the incidence in female was higher than in male.