肌肉生长抑制素基因的研究进展

Research progress on Mstn gene

生长分化因子-8,亦称肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,Mstn),是转化生长因子β超家族的一员。Mstn基因是一种主要表达于肌肉组织的分泌蛋白,也存在于脂肪组织、心脏及脑组织等多种组织中,其主要功能是调节肌细胞的生长与分化,在哺乳动物生长发育过程中起关键作用,并可能存在性别、年龄相关性。由于近年来发现Mstn基因还有很多潜在功能,且与很多疾病发生密切相关,故Mstn基因一直受研究者密切关注。本文主要对近10年关于Mstn基因的结构特点、在动物体内的表达、作用机制、基因表达调控和信号转导等方面的相关研究进展进行综述,以便为骨骼肌纤维类型转换相关机制的研究提供资料。

Growth and differentiation factor-8,also referred to as myostatin（Mstn）,is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily. It is a secreted protein expressed mainly in muscle tissues. The gene also exists in adipose tissue,heart,brain and many other tissues. The main function of Mstn is to regulate muscle cell growth and differentiation. It plays a key role in the growth of mammals,and may be related to gender and age.The Mstn gene has been found to have many potential functions in recent years,and be closely related to many diseases. Thus it has been closely watched by researchers all through. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of structural features,expression in animals,work mechanism,regulation of the gene expression and signaling pathway of Mstn in recent years,so as to provide information for the study of the mechanism of skeletal muscle fiber type conversion.