开-闭环结合控制方式的定日镜跟踪控制策略

Tracking and Controlling Strategy of Heliostat Based on Open-Closed-Loop Control Mode

塔式太阳能电站定日镜场通常采用开环控制方式。该控制方式具有跟踪精度低、无法消除累积误差等缺点。为克服以上缺点、提高太阳能利用效率,提出了开-闭环结合的定日镜控制方式。针对该控制方式,设计了复合式控制策略;针对开环的快速控制和开/闭环两种模式之间的快速无扰切换要求,设计了快速通信协议,实现了定日镜的开环高速定位;针对定日镜的高精度闭环跟踪要求,设计了相应的光电传感器,并对定日镜闭环运行时的跟踪精度进行了理论分析。经测试表明,该跟踪控制方法反应速度快、跟踪精度高、运行稳定,实现了定日镜的实时高精度稳定跟踪。该策略的开环控制精度优于3.5 mrad,闭环跟踪精度优于1 mrad,具有很高的推广应用价值。

The open loop control mode is usually adopted in heliostat field of tower solar power stations. This control mode has disadvantages of low tracking accuracy and inability to eliminate accumulated errors. In order to overcome these demerits and improve the solar energy utilization efficiency,an open-closed-loop composite heliostat control method is proposed,and corresponding control strategy is designed. In accordance with the requirements of open loop fast control,and the rapid bumpless switching between open and closed modes,the corresponding photoelectric sensor is designed,and the theoretical analysis of the tracking accuracy of the heliostat closed-loop operation is performed. The experiments show that this tracking and controlling method offers the rapid responding speed,high tracking accuracy and steady running. The real-time high accuracy of stable tracking is achieved,the open loop control precision is better than 3. 5 mrad,the closed loop control precision is better than1 mrad,it has the high popularization and application values.