世界科学中心转移的文化因素分析

An Analysis of Cultural Factors in Shift of World Scientific Centers

近代科学的发展在地域上表现出不平衡性,以国家为划分形成了5个科学中心。从16世纪到21世纪,科学中心先后沿"意大利—英国—法国—德国—美国"的路径进行了4次转移。世界科学中心的先后转移是多种因素综合作用的结果,文化方面的因素大致包括:哲学思潮的兴起是先导;引进国外先进技术是动力;发展教育是基础;科技创新是加速器;良好的科技管理是支持和保障。21世纪以来,一些新兴国家和地区的科技发展势头强劲,未来世界科学可能呈现多个中心的局面。总结世界科学中心转移的历史经验,能够为我国成为未来的世界科学中心提供借鉴。

The development of modern science has shown imbalance in the region, which has formed five scientific centers in the world. From the 16 th century to the 21 st century, the scientific center has carried out four shifts along the route of＂Italy-Britain-France-Germany-America＂. Shifts of world science centers are the result of a variety of factors, and the cultural factors include philosophy as the forerunner, the introduction of foreign advanced technology as the driving force, the development education as the foundation, technology innovation as the accelerator, and good technical managements as support and guarantee. Since the 21 st century, the development of science and technology in some emerging countries and regions has been rapid, and there may be multiple scientific centers in the future. The historical experience of shifts of world scientifc centers can provide references for our country to become the world scientific center in the future.