喀什地区维吾尔族孕妇膳食营养状况调查

Dietary Nutritional Status of Uygur Pregnant Women in Kashi

目的:调查新疆喀什地区不同孕期维吾尔族孕妇膳食营养和叶酸缺乏状况,为今后开展该地区孕妇合理营养提供科学依据。方法:采用问卷调查和酶联免疫吸附法对喀什妇幼保健院426例孕妇进行膳食和叶酸缺乏状况调查。结果:孕早、中晚期孕妇营养素摄入偏高的是能量、蛋白质和钠,分别占供给量标准的105.17%和114.60%、124.50%和119.15%、201.75%和236.08%;摄入偏低的营养素是钙、钾、铁、锌、维生素A和维生素C;摄入量严重不足的是碘和叶酸,分别占供给量标准的36.14%、37.11%和15.27%、16.79%;不同孕期的孕妇叶酸缺乏检出率有差异(P<0.01)。结论:孕妇膳食模式有待进一步改善,增加含碘、叶酸食物的摄入量。

[Objective] To investigate the dietary nutrition and folic acid deficiency of Uygur pregnant women in different pregnancy pe-riod in Kashi area of Xinjiang, and provide scientific basis for the rational nutrition of pregnant women in this area. [Method] A question-naire survey and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay ,were used to investigate the status of dietary and folic acid deficiency among 426 preg-nant women in Kashi maternal and child health care center. [Result] The high intake of nutrients in early and middle stage pregnant women ,was energy, protein and sodium, which accounted for 105.17% and 114. 60% , 124. 50% and 119. 15% , 201.75% and 236.08% of the supply standards, respectively. Tire low intake of nutrients ,were calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C. Iodine and folic acid ,were seriously deficient in intake, which accounted for 36. 14% and 37. 11% , 15.27% and 16. 79% of the supply standard, respec-tively. There ,was a difference in the detection rate of folic acid among pregnant women in different gestation periods （P 〈 0.01 ） . [Conclusion] Tire dietary pattern of pregnant women should be further improved, and the intake of iodine and folic acid should be increased.