电动汽车热泵空调发展概述

Review of Heat Pump Air Conditioning System in Electric Vehicles

热泵空调技术由于其高效、节能的特点,在电动汽车领域具有广泛的应用前景和市场价值,但由于其在低温环境中的性能不稳定,制热效率过低,抑制了热泵空调技术在电动汽车上的推广和应用。为此,分别从汽车热泵空调系统的构型、热泵空调系统关键部件的研究和系统工质选型3个方面,对国内外学者在降低汽车热泵空调能耗和提高其低温下环境适应性的问题上所做的研究进行了概述,并根据目前的研究进展,对汽车热泵空调技术今后的研究方向进行了展望,为以后的发展提出参考和建议。

Heat pump has wide application prospect and market value in electric vehicle field since its high efficiency and low energy consumption. However, due to its unstable performance in low temperature environment and low heating efficiency,heat pump air conditioning technology has not been widely applied in electric vehicle. In this paper, the research on reducing the energy consumption of automotive heat pump air conditioning system and improving its environmental adaptability at low temperatures is summarized from three aspects such as system configuration,key components and selection of working fluids. According to current research results,the research directions of heat pump air conditioning technology are prospected, and some references and suggestions for future development are also put forward.