基于3D打印技术的侧脑室穿刺模型制造及其在医学培训中的应用研究

Introduction of lateral ventricle puncture training model based on 3D printing technology into medical training

目的研究基于3D打印技术的侧脑室穿刺训练模型在年轻医生培训中的应用。方法选取2016年8月至2017年8月在本科室学习的年轻医师60名作为研究对象(每人学习时间为1个月),分为A、B两组,A组为常规培训组,B组为模拟穿刺培训组,每组30人。利用1例侧脑室轻度扩大患者颅脑CT、MRI扫描所得的DICOM数据,经计算机图像数据处理、原始3D虚拟模型制作、正向设计及3D打印,制作出A、B两种实体训练模型用于B组年轻医生培训。2组医生进行问卷调查及模拟手术操作成功率统计。结果 B组医生经模拟穿刺训练后,对侧脑室解剖的掌握、穿刺方法的了解、自信心均较常规培训组明显增加,在模拟穿刺手术时,第一次穿刺的成功率明显高于A组(P均<0.05)。结论利用侧脑室穿刺训练模型培训具有显著效果,可使年轻医生快速熟练掌握穿刺技术、提高手术成功率与自信心。

Objective To study the effect of young physicians’ training using lateral ventricle puncture training model based on 3D printing technology. Methods Sixty young interns in our neurosurgery department from August 2016 to August 2017 （period one month） were chosen as experimental participants. They were randomly divided into two groups： group A （routine training group） and group B （simulated training model group） with 30 participants in each group. The puncture training model was created for group B based on DICOM data obtained from CT and MRI results of one patient with mild enlargement lateral ventricle through computer image data processing, original 3D virtual model producing, forward designing and 3D printing. Surveys were conducted and the simulated operation success rate was counted and compared in two groups. Results Interns in group B got a better understanding of the anatomy of lateral ventricle as well as the puncture methods, and they gained more confidence after using the simulated puncture training model. During the simulated puncture surgery, the success rate in group B was significantly higher than that in group A. （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Lateral ventricle puncture training model is an effective option for young physicians to improve puncture success rate as it contributes to their rapid grasp of puncture ability and confidence boost.