我国高校论文发表的变化趋势:全要素生产率的视角

Total Factor Productivity of Academic Publications in China's Higher Education Institutions:How It Has Changed in the Recent Twenty Years

本文在教育部出版的《全国高校社科统计资料汇编》、《高等学校科技统计资料汇编》的基础上,结合科学网提供的SCI扩展版、SSCI和A&HCI数据,使用索洛残差法估算了1991-2012年间我国高校论文发表的全要素生产率,并分析其分布特征、变化趋势以及对我国高校论文增长的贡献。研究发现:首先,在我国高等院校的英文发表、特别是英文的科技发表中,资本投入的产出弹性更大;第二,我国"985"大学的效率优势体现在英文发表而不是中文发表;第三,我国高等院校的中文发表效率开始下降,但英文发表的效率正逐渐提高;最后,与英文科技发表相比,我国高校论文发表的效率在英文社科发表中增长更快、对增长的贡献率也更大一些。

Based on the "Compendium of Social Sciences Statistics of Higher Education Institutions" and "Compendium of Sciences and Technologies of Higher Education Institutions" published by the Ministry of Education, and statistics from SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and A&HCI articles provided by Web of Science,this paper uses Solow-residual method to estimate the total factor productivity in Chinese universities' academic publication,and analyzes its distribution, trend, and contribution to the publication growth. We find that the input-output elastic of capital is larger than that of labor regarding English publication, especially in science and technology. The productivity advantage of 985 universities is mainly manifested in English publications compared to Chinese publications. The universities' productivity of Chinese publications has begun to decline,while the productivity of English publications has been gradually increasing. Finally, the growth and efficiency of English publications in social sciences,art,and humanity is larger than those in science and technology.