明代中后期武器革新与孙子学发展

Enrichment and Development of Sun Tzu Science with the Innovation of Weapons in Middle and Late Ming Dynasty

中国军事的发展中,武器的变革与使用是一个重要的标志。随着科技的发展、火器的应用,武器在战争中的作用越来越重要,不仅直接影响了战争的进程,还促使了战略战术及军事思想的转变。孙子的时代,战场上仅有冷兵器,故其对武器的作用只有关于弛车、革车、攻城器械等的寥寥数语,且不系统。但到了明代,冷兵器大量改良,火器大范围使用,人们对武器重要性的认识越来越深刻,这些认识丰富了孙子战争制胜观的内容。而随着冷兵器和火器的配合使用,由孙子提出的防御、协同作战、攻守城战法等理论得到了极大丰富和发展。

In Chinese military development,the transformation and use of weapons is an important symbol. With the development of science and technology and the application of firearms,the role of weapons in warfare is becoming more and more important, which not only directly affects the progress of war, but also promotes the transformation of strategic tactics and military thinking. In the era of Sun Tzu ,there were only cold weapons on the battlefield, so its role in weapons was only a few words about the light chariot,the leather chariot,the siege weapons,etc. ,and it was not systematic. However,in Ming Dynasty, the cold weapons were greatly improved, the firearms were widely used,and people＇s understanding of the importance of weapons became more and more profoun＆ These understandings enriched the content of Sun Tzu＇s concept of winning the victory. With the use of cold weapons and firearms,the theories of defense, coordinated operations, offensive and defensive urban warfare proposed by Sun Tzu have been greatly enriched and developed.