小清河济南段生态基流估算研究

An Estimation of Ecological Base Flow in the Jinan Section of the Xiaoqing River Basin

河道生态基流计算是河流生态学的热点、难点问题之一。基于北方河流汛期与非汛期流量变化明显、年际变化大等特点,应用SPSS 19软件将Texas法、Tennant法等多种水文学方法的计算结果与2005-2014年(近10年)逐月月平均流量进行相关性分析,认为Texas法更适合于小清河黄台桥段生态基流计算,其次是Tennant法。为使计算结果更加合理,运用Texas法对丰、平、枯不同水平年的生态基流分别进行计算,得到了不同水平年下逐月的生态基流量,并结合小清河实际径流量对生态基流保证程度进行了分析。结果表明:小清河济南段生态基流保证程度为100%,其主要原因是小清河作为济南市的排污河道,接纳了上游大部来水和部分城市污水,水量本身较为丰富。

Estimation of the ecological baseflow is a hot topic in the field of stream ecology. Considering the interannual variation of the northern stream flow and the obvious changes of the streamflow between flood seasons and non-flood seasons,this paper uses the SPSS 19 software to compare the calculated results of various hydrological methods such as the Texas Method and the Tennant Method with the monthly average flow from 2005 to 2014 monthly（ nearly 10 years） average flow correlation analysis. The Texas Method is more suitable for the ecological base flow calculation of Huangtaiqiao,followed by the Tennant Method. In order to make the result more reasonable,the monthly ecological baseflow in different typical years is estimated with the Texas Method. Then the ecological baseflow is compared with the observed streamflow to analyze the degree of safeguard. The results indicate that the ecological baseflow degree of safeguard is 100% in the Jinan section of the Xiaoqing River. The main reason is that Xiaoqing River,as the drainage channel in Jinan City,receives most upstream and some urban sewage from the upper reaches,and the water itself is relatively abundant.