2017年南京市老年人BMI现况及适宜值探讨

Status of BMI in the Aged in Nanjing and the Recommended Range

目的分析南京市60岁及以上老年人身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的现状并探讨适宜的BMI。方法随机整群抽取南京市60~85岁老年人5 284人,测量其身高和体重,计算BMI;测量其空腹静脉血的血红蛋白、血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇水平,并测量血压,根据相应诊断标准将其分为贫血、糖尿病、高脂血症、高血压及非患病人群。比较不同年龄、疾病状态下老年人的BMI,并应用ROC曲线,分别确定诊断其不发生贫血、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的BMI切点。结果不同身高或体重改变的老年人BMI值变化并不大;贫血者的BMI明显较低,高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症者的BMI明显较高,但均有相互重叠。老年人不易发生贫血的BMI切点为21.9 kg/m^2,易发生高血压的BMI切点为24.9 kg/m^2,易发生糖尿病的BMI切点为25.1 kg/m^2,易发生高脂血症的BMI切点为24.8 kg/m^2。结论老年人的BMI在超过21.9 kg/m^2时,不易发生营养缺乏病;BMI在低于25.0 kg/m^2时,发生营养过剩性疾病的风险减小。建议南京市60~85岁老年人的适宜BMI为22.0 kg/m^2≤BMI<25.0 kg/m^2。

Objective To analyze the status of Body Mass Index（ BMI） in the aged in Nanjing and try to find the proper range for them. Methods Through the method of random cluster sampling,5 284 residents aged 60～ 85 year-old were selected in Nanjing. Their height and weight were measured to calculate the BMI. Their level of hemoglobin,blood glucose,triglyceride and cholesterol were measured in the fast venous blood,their blood pressure was measured as well. The residents were divided into five groups,including the anemia group,the hypertension group,the diabetes group,the hyperlipemia group,and the health group,according to the diagnose criteria. The BMI was compared among the aged with different age or diseases,then the cutpoints of BMI for non-anemia,hypertension,diabetes,hyperglycemia were respectively determined with ROC. Results There was no noticeable change in the value of BMI among the aged with the changes in height or weight. The BMI of the aged with anemia was significantly lower,while the BMI of the aged with hypertension,diabetes or hyperlipemia was significantly higher,but there was some overlap between them. The cutpoint of BMI was21. 9 kg/m^2 for the aged without anemia,while the cutpoint of BMI was 24. 9 kg/m^2 for the aged with hypertension, 25. 1 kg/m^2 for the aged with diabetes,24. 8 kg/m^2 for the aged with hyperlipemiarespectively. Conclusion The aged would not suffer from the nutritional deficiency when their BMI was over 21. 9 kg/m^2,and the risk for nutritional access diseases would be reduced when their BMI were below 25. 0 kg/m^2. The proper BMI was recommended as 22. 0 kg/m^2≤BMI25. 0 kg/m^2 for the residents aged 60-85 year-old in Nanjing.