2012-2016年广东省乳源县手足口病的流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Ruyuan County of Guangdong From 2012 to 2016

目的调查了解2012-2016年广东省乳源县手足口病发病情况,分析其流行病学特点,为手足口病的防治提供参考依据。方法 2012-01/2016-12广东省乳源县共发生25起手足口病疫情,共计500例手足口病病例,对其疫情资料进行回顾性分析,对其流行特点进行分析总结,以了解其流行病学特征。结果手足口病病例主要集中分布在5-7月、9-10月;疫情人群分布方面,男性病例多于女性病例,年龄集中在0~4岁(85.60%);疫情场所分布以集体单位为主,多发生于幼儿园。病原学监测结果显示,手足口病的致病病原体主要为EV71病毒(57.98%)、Cox A16病毒(35.80%)。结论手足口病疫情多发生于夏秋季节,年龄以学龄前儿童为主,病原体以EV71病毒为主,应重点加强夏秋季节手足口病的监测和预防,做好高危人群的疫情监控工作。

Objective To investigate the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Ruyuan county,Shaoguan city from 2012 to 2016 and analyze its epidemiological characteristics so as to provide scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods There were 25 cases of HFMD reported in Ruyuan county of Shaoguan city from January 2012 to December 2016. A total of 500 cases of HFMD were retrospectively studied and analyzed. The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD were analyzed and summarized in order to understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD. Results HFMD cases mainly occurred in May to July and September to October. In the distribution of epidemic populations,there were more male cases than female cases,and patients were mainly aged 0 to 4 years old（ 85. 60%）. The epidemic sites were mainly collective entities and mostly kindergartens. The results of etiological surveillance showed that the main pathogens of HFMD were EV71 virus（ 57. 98%） and Cox A16 virus（ 35. 80%）. Conclusion HFMD epidemics mainly occur in summer and autumn,and patients are mainly preschool children; the primary pathogen is EV71 virus. The surveillance and prevention of HFMD in summer and autumn should be enhanced,and the surveillance of HFMD in high-risk populations should be well implemented.