陈那《集量论·遣他品》综论

Overview: The Pramān?asamuccaya(vr?tti) of Dignāga, Chapter Five:Anyāpohaparīks?ā

《集量论·遣他品》是印度佛教哲学家陈那论师系统阐释其语言哲学"遣他论"的专论,核心观点可概括为:语言(s'abda,"声")所能直接指称的除了共性(sāmānya,"总")之外别无他物,可直接感知的事物根本就不在其直接指称的阈限之内。但是由于《集量论》梵本不存,藏译难读,汉译久佚,汉语学界对该品的研究一直难有深入和突破。本文利用国际最新刊布的梵文材料,并参考国内外最新研究成果,在前期比较成熟的译注工作的基础上,择要介绍《遣他品》的形式与结构,阐明其思想背景与立论宗旨,梳理其内在逻辑,并对其主要内容做出梳理和归纳。

The fifth chapter of Dignāga's Pramānasamuccayavr.tti(PSV V) is the elaboration of his philoso-phy of language, i.e., anyāpohavāda"exclusion of others". The core of this theory is that in the strict sense onlyuniversals(sāmānya) can be designated by words(s' abda) directly, but not substantial things which are perceiv-able. However, as its Sanskrit text has long been lost, and two Tibetan translations are both awkward in some de-gree, most of the research is very limited and hardly no great breakthrough has been made. With the help of aSanskrit manuscript of Jinendrabuddhi's Vis' ālāmalavatī Pramāasamuccayat.īkā(transliterated), which is re-leased lately, a new Chinese translation with annotation of this chapter has been made, and based on this annotat-ed translation, this article is to give an introduction of its structure, background and main issues.