从观音法门在吐蕃的传播看汉藏佛教的交流和互动

Spread of Dharma-mukha of Avalokitesvara in Tubo and the Communication and Interaction of Buddhism in Han and Tibetan

观音法门是伴随着大乘佛教兴起而出现的重要佛教法门。吐蕃观音法门主要是从古印度和汉地传入的。唐代汉地佛教特别是敦煌汉地佛教对吐蕃佛教观音信仰的建立发挥了重要作用。汉、藏两族佛教僧人的译经弘法活动,对吐蕃观音法门的完备和传播及其观音信仰的建立做出了巨大贡献,观音信仰也成为汉藏等多民族佛教文化交流的纽带和寄托,为中华民族多元一体格局的形成发挥了重要作用。

The Avalokitesvara dharma-mukha was an important part of Buddhist dharma accompanied bythe arising of Mahayana Buddhism. Tibetan Avalokitesvara dharma-mukha was introduced mainly from ancientIndia and Han region. Tang dynasty Buddhism, especially the Dunhuang Han Buddhism played an importantrole in the establishment of Tubo Buddhism. Han and Tibetan Buddhist monks in the translation of the Buddhistscripture completed the spread of the Tubo Avalokitesvara dharma-mukha, which made great contribution to theestablishment of belief of Guanyin in Tibet. The Guanyin belief became a spiritual tie of Buddhist cultural ex-change and spiritual sustenance of Sino-Tibetan and multiple nationalities. And it played the role of cultural co-hesion and identity to the formation Diversity and Unity of the Chinese Nation.