中国自由贸易试验区审判机构析论

An Analysis of Judicial Organs in China's Pilot Free Trade Zones

为营造法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境,我国各自贸试验区设立了基层法院审判团队、基层法院人民法庭、基层法院、中级法院直属审判庭、中级法院直属法庭五种审判机构,这五种审判机构可以概括为基层法院和中级法院两种审判机构模式。在自贸试验区"先行先试"和司法管辖"跨区划"改革的意义上,基层法院模式和中级法院模式均无可厚非,但确定级别管辖法院的决定性因素是涉自贸试验区民商事案件的性质、简繁程度和影响范围。根据涉自贸试验区案件的实际情况,自贸试验区设立基层审判机构更契合我国现行的管辖规则,也更符合司法管辖的本质和规律。

In order to create a law-based, international and convenient business environment, five kinds of trial institutions have been set up in China＇s pilot free trade zones, namely, grass-roots trial teams, people＇s tribunals at gra courts directly ss-roots courts, grass-roots courts, tribunals directly subordinate to intermediate courts, and subordinate to intermediate courts. These five kinds of trial institutions can be put into two major categories, i.e. basic courts and intermediate courts. In terms of the experimental and pioneering nature of pilot free trade zones and the judicial reform of cross-district jurisdiction, there may be nothing wrong with the judicial pattern mentioned above, but the decisive factors to determine the jurisdiction of the court are the nature, complexity and scope of the civil and commercial cases concerning the pilot free trade zones. According to the actual situation of the cases involving these free trade zones, the establishment of grass-roots trial institutions is more consistent with the current jurisdiction rules of our country and more in line with the essence and principle of jurisdiction.