桥梁复合材料防车撞吸能结构碰撞性能分析

Numerical analysis on the impact performance of composite energy absorption structure of bridge pier against vehicle collision

针对在桥墩周围安装吸能结构可以降低车辆撞击对桥梁的情况,基于全尺寸复合材料吸能结构的台车撞击试验,通过对比试验和数值模拟结果验证有限元模型的有效性.在此基础上,考虑实际中更高撞击能量的情况,采用有限元方法分析不同撞击速度的吸能结构响应,并研究不同结构材料的耐撞性能.钢夹层结构能够吸收大部分动能并有效减小局部损伤,而复合材料蜂窝结构可以起到很好的支撑作用,同时把撞击力比较均匀地分散到整体结构,使更多结构参与吸能.计算结果表明钢夹层-蜂窝复合材料防车撞吸能结构具有良好的耐撞性能.

The energy absorption structure that install around bridge piers can be used to decrease the damage of bridge.Based on the results of impact test of full scale prototype,the comparisons between the numerical and experimental result were performed to calibrate the validity of FE（finite element） model.Then,considering the high impact kinetic energy in the real circumstance,the FE analysis were used to investigate the response of energy absorption structure for various impact velocities and the crashworthiness for different material.It is found that the steel sandwich structure can absorb most of impact kinetic energy and reduce the local damage,and honeycomb composite structure can provide uniform structural supporting, and then distribute the impact force to the whole structure and involve more material for absorbing energy.The energy absorption structures that consist of steel sandwich-honeycomb composite material have well crashworthiness and can protect the bridge pier.