胸腺癌患者的手术预后及其影响因素

Outcomes and prognostic factors of surgically treated thymic carcinoma

目的评估切除情况、病理类型、病理分期及围手术期治疗对胸腺癌手术预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2005年1月至2015年12月北京协和医院胸外科手术治疗56例胸腺癌患者的临床资料,其中男30例、女26例,年龄22~81(52.1±11.5)岁。用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,用单因素方差分析评估影响总生存期及无病生存期的因素。结果 R0切除37例(67.9%),其它切除19例(32.1%)。Masaoka分期Ⅰ+Ⅱ期13例(23.2%),Ⅲ期26例(46.4%),Ⅳ期17例(30.4%)。低级别胸腺癌42例,高级别14例。术后放疗、化疗、化放疗及未治疗分别为17例、12例、18例、9例。随访时间1~10年,随访41例,随访率73%。1年、3年、5年生存率分别为93%、74%、61%。切除情况及病理分期影响总生存期,R0切除的术后放疗影响无病生存期,但不影响总生存期。结论手术治疗可以使大部分胸腺癌患者长期生存,R0切除是胸腺癌预后最重要的影响因素。MasaokaⅡ~Ⅲ期的R0切除推荐术后放疗。

Objective To evaluate the influence of resection status, pathological type, pathological stage and postoperative adjuvant therapy on prognosis of surgically treated thymic carcinoma. Methods In this retrospective study, 56 patients with surgically treated thymic carcinoma in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2005 to December 2015 were enrolled. There were 30 males and 26 females aged 52.1±11.5 years ranging from 22 to 81 years. The survival curve was performed by Kaplan-Meier method. The prognostic factors affecting overall survival（OS） and disease-free survival（DFS） were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA）.Results R0 resection was performed in 37 patients（67.9%）, and other resections in 19（32.1%）; 13 patients suffered thymic carcinoma with Masaoka stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 26 Ⅲ, and 17 Ⅳ. Low-grade thymic carcinoma was found in 42 patients, and high-grade in 14. Postoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy were performed on 17, 12 and 18 patients respectively and 9 patients were untreated. Forty-one patients was followed up for 1 to 10 years, and the follow-up rate was 73%. The 1-, 3-and 5-year OS rates were 93%, 74% and 61%, respectively. Resection status and pathological stage affected OS. Postoperative radiotherapy after R0 resection affected DFS, but did not affect OS. Conclusion Most patients with thymic carcinoma after surgery can survive for a long period, and R0 resection is the most important prognostic factor of thymic carcinoma. Postoperative radiotherapy after R0 resection in patients with Masaoka stage Ⅱ-Ⅲis recommended.