人类纪视野下的菲利普·拉金诗歌——以《去海边》为例

Poetry in the Anthropocene: A Case Study of Philip Larkin's “To the Sea”

艺术审美是应对人类纪诸多问题必不可少的手段;诗歌作为一种主要的艺术形式,必然对此有着深刻和超前的表达。拉金后期代表作《去海边》创作于温室效应日渐明显的背景之下,它表达了作者对变异的气候环境的感知,以及基于这种感知的对传统与存在的忧虑。以该作品为代表的拉金诗歌描绘了20世纪六十年代英格兰雾霭弥漫、气温异常和植物疯长的自然环境。环境的异常使拉金感觉到其陌生与敌意,引发了他对环境问题以及人类未来生活的忧虑,从而深刻影响了他的诗歌思想。气象资料证明,拉金在诗作中敏锐地观察到了人类纪的主要问题,是建立在客观实际之上的艺术审美。

Aesceticism is essential for addressing the challenges caused by the Anthropocene. Poetry, as a literary genre, is an expression of the challenges posed in the Anthropocene. Specifically, it makes observation on significant human impact on the Earth＇s geology and ecosystems. In ＂To the Sea,＂ Larkin demonstrates his awareness of climate change and his anxiety over the menace to tradition and human existence. The poem, together with his other works, describes the natural environment of England in the late 1960s characterized with the haze, the record-breaking high temperature and the abnormally thriving plants. Larkin＇s description of the climate change creates the sense of alienation and hostility which is linked with his pessimism over humanity and existence, and has an far-fetched impact on his poetic ideology. Larkin＇s works like ＂To the Sea＂ are true and acute observations of realities in the Anthropocene, hence aesthetics grounded on truths.