气候变化背景下渤黄海海温时空特征分析

Spatio-temporal Analysis of the Sea Surface Temperature in the Bohai and Yellow Seas under the Background of Climate Change

【目的】研究渤黄海海温时空变化特征及其与全球海温的关系。【方法】采用相关分析、小波分析等方法,对1985—2015年渤黄海海洋站的海温观测资料进行分析。【结果】渤海是中国内海,沿岸海温受陆地影响显著,变化幅度大,对气温响应快;黄海作为太平洋的边缘海,与外海水体交换通畅,水温变化幅度相对较小,水温变化与渤海相比具有一定的滞后性;各站海温变化周期特征不尽相同,但在2000年以后各站均有较为明显的8年周期;渤黄海海温与全球大部分海域一致,近30年呈现上升趋势,但上升速率与同纬度太平洋和大西洋相比较低,黄海海温上升速率高于渤海。【结论】渤黄海海温具有明显的月际、年际和周期变化特征,受海陆分布等因素影响渤黄海海温对气候变暖的响应低于同纬度太平洋和大西洋。

【Objective】The paper was devoted to the study of spatio-temporal variation characteristics of sea surface temperature（SST）in the Bohai and Yellow Seas,and its relationship with global SST.【Methods】Several mathematical methods,such as the correlation analysis and the wavelet analysis,were used to research the SST observation data obtained from the ocean stations along the Bohai and Yellow Seas from1985 to 2015.【Results】The SST along the coast of Bohai Sea,which was the only inland sea of China,was influenced significantly by the mainland,and consequently leaded to the large am-plitude of SST changes and fast response to air temperature.The SST along the Yellow Sea maintained within small change ranges due to the rapid water exchange with the open sea,as the Yellow Sea was the marginal sea of Pacific.The periodic characteristics of SST variations in all the stations were not the same,but the relatively apparent eight year period was found after 2000.The SST in the Bohai and Yellow Seas presented a rising tendency in the past thirty years,with lower rising rate than the ocean area at the same latitude in Pacific and Atlantic,while the rising rate was higher in the Yellow Sea than in the Bohai Sea.【Conclusion】The variations in the Bohai and Yellow seas have a significant feature,such as monthly and annual variations,and a slower response to the Climate Warming than the ocean area at the same latitude in Pacific and Atlantic which results from the land-sea distribution.