基于ERG理论的农村创新人才吸引措施研究

Research on the Attracting Measures of Rural Innovative Talents Based on ERG Theory

农村创新人才是激发农村创新活力、落实乡村振兴战略的关键要素,如何吸引农村创新人才留在农村、热爱农村则成为首要问题。引入心理学ERG理论将农村创新人才的需求层次分为生存需求、相互关系需求和成长需求,针对各层次需求设立数据测量指标,以乡村医生和卫生员、大学生村官、乡村教师作为生存需求(就医需求)、相互关系需求(政企关系需求)、成长需求(子女成长需求)指标测量的示例。指出现阶段就医需求指标满足程度低、政企关系需求满足程度较高、子女成长需求满足程度低,吸引农村创新人才,需要改善农村生活条件,满足农村创新人才生存需求;需要营造良好社会关系,满足农村创新人才关系需求;改善教育水平,促进农村可持续发展,满足农村创新人才成长需求。研究结论有助于构建农村创新人才吸引策略。

Innovative talents in rural areas are the key elements to stimulate rural innovation and implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.How to attract rural innovative talents to stay in rural areas and love rural areas is the primary issue.Rural innovation talents demand level is divided into existence demand,relationship demand and growing demand on basis of ERG theory.Then data measurement indicators for each level of demand are set up.And rural doctors and health workers,rural teachers,college-graduate village official are used as measurement example for existence demand（medical needs）,the relationship demand（the relationship between government and enterprise）and growth demand（children＇s growth demand）.The conclusion is that the stage of the medical demand index is in low level meeting existence demand,the relationship between government and enterprises meets the relation demand in higher degree,and children＇s growth rate is low meeting growth demand.Attracting creative talents in the rural areas,the strategies conclude that improving rural living conditions to meet the existence demand;creating good social relationship to meet the relationship demand;improving the level of education to promote the rural sustainable development and to meet the growth demand.The research conclusions are helpful to construct the strategy of attracting innovation talents in rural areas.