郑州地区尿石症相关危险因素的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of risk factors related to urolithiasis in Zhengzhou area

目的探讨郑州地区尿石症患者的发病因素,并分析男女尿石症患者发病因素、发病季节的差异。方法采用问卷调查的方式对郑州地区1 259例男性和416例女性尿石症患者以及1 000例健康对照组进行调查,采用SPSS20.0统计软件对男女尿石症发病相关因素进行单因素方差分析。结果郑州地区尿石症男女发病比例为3.03∶1.00。男女尿石症患者各季节的发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。夏、秋季尿石症发病率分别高于春、冬季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女尿石症患者在重体力劳动、饮酒、抽烟、精神、感染等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿石症患者与健康对照组在体质量指数、高温、饮水情况、浓茶、食用动物内脏、口味、劳累、家族史、发病史、重体力劳动、饮酒、精神方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论郑州地区尿石症与患者性别、生活环境、工作环境及遗传因素等多因素相关。

Objective To investigate the etiological factors of urolithiasis in Zhengzhou area and analyze the differences in the incidence and seasonality of urolithiasis between men and women. Methods Questionnaire survey was used to investigate 1 259 men and 416 women with urolithiasis and 1 000 healthy people in Zhengzhou area. SPSS 20. 0 statistical software was used to analyze the univariate analysis of variance of urolithiasis. Results The ratio of male to female was 3. 03 ∶ 1. 00 in the Zhengzhou area. There was no significant difference in the incidence of urolithiasis between men and women in each season（ P〉0. 05）.The incidence of urolithiasis in summer and autumn was higher than that in spring and winter respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Patients with urolithiasis between men and women had statistically significant differences in terms of heavy physical labor,drinking,smoking,mental and infection（ P〈0. 05）. The urolithiasis patients and the healthy control group had statistically significant differences in body mass index,high temperature,drinking water,strong tea,edible animal viscera,taste, exertion, family history, history of illness, heavy physical labor, drinking and spirit（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusion Urolithiasis is a disease that related to many factors such as sex,environment and heredity in Zhengzhou Area.