上海市金山工业区老年体检人群慢性病及相关指标调查

Investigation About Chronic Diseases and Related Clinical Indexes Among Elderly Physical Examination Population in Jinshan Industrial Zone of Shanghai

目的了解社区老年人健康体检慢性病检出情况、指标异常分布特征及相关影响因素。方法选取上海市金山工业区社区65岁以上老年人体检资料2,798份。分析高血压、糖尿病、超重或肥胖、血脂异常、心电图异常及脂肪肝的检出率,分析不同性别、不同年龄体检者慢性病患病及指标异常的发生情况及其构成。结果 2,798名体检者中,慢性病及指标异常检出率为83.60%,女性慢性病及指标异常检出率高于男性,其中高血压检出率为39.67%,血脂异常检出率为34.99%,超重或肥胖检出率为47.39%,糖尿病检出率为18.69%,心电图异常检出率为53.15%。不同性别检出率比较:高血压、血脂异常、超重或者肥胖等指标差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),糖尿病、心电图异常检出率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄检出率比较:异常心电图、超重或肥胖、高血压、血脂异常检出率比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),糖尿病检出率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论社区老年人慢性病发病率较高,老年人是慢性病发病的主要群体。

Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases, the distribution of abnormal indicators, and the related influencing factors among the elderly in the community. Methods The physical examination data of 2 798 elderly with above 65 years old were enrolled in this study. The detection rates of hypertension, diabetes, obesity or overweight, dyslipidemia, abnormal electrocardiogram, and fatty liver were analyzed. The attack rates and constituent characteristics of chronic diseases and abnormal examinational indexes in examinees with different genders or ages were analyzed. Results The detection rate of chronic diseases and abnormal examinational indexes was 83.60% in 2,798 elderly health examines, of which the detection rate was 79.17% in male groups and 86.94% in female groups. And the detection rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, diabetes and ECG abnormalities were 39.67%, 34.99%, 47.39%, 18.69%, 53.15%, respectively. The detection rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity in females were higher than those in males（P0.05）. The detection rates of ECG abnormalities, overweight or obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were different in different age groups. But the detection rate of diabetes had no significance difference in different genders and age groups. Conclusion The attack rates of chronic diseases in elderly citizens are higher and moreover, elderly citizens are the major group which suffers from chronic diseases.