上海市青浦区海洛因成瘾人群接受美沙酮维持治疗影响因素的定性研究

Qualitative Study on Influencing Factors of the Acceptance of Methadone Maintenance Therapy in Heroin Addicts in Qingpu District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市青浦区海洛因成瘾人群接受美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)的影响因素,并提出提高美沙酮维持治疗入组率的可行性建议。方法选取部分美沙酮维持治疗相关人员开展定性访谈,了解海洛因成瘾人群接受MMT的影响因素。结果目前吸食新型毒品的人员迅速增加,可以接受美沙酮治疗的对象数量减少。对美沙酮存在不正确认知、担心身份暴露、被警察抓、美沙酮门诊服务可及性差如交通不方便、经济条件不好、因偷吸被强戒等因素均为海洛因成瘾人群接受美沙酮治疗的阻碍因素。结论应针对研究结果制定相应的干预措施。政府部门应定期研判,政策指导到位,进一步加强社会宣传,消除对美沙酮的错误认知,促进海洛因成瘾人群接受美沙酮维持治疗。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） in heroin addicts in Qingpu District of shanghai, and explore feasible suggestions for improving the rate of methadone maintenance treatment. Methods A qualitative interview was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the acceptance of MMT in heroin addicts. Results New drug users were rapidly increasing, and the number of people who can receive MMT was reduced. The resistance factors included misunderstandings of methadone, fear of identity exposure, fear to be caught by police, poor accessibility of methadone clinic services such as inconvenient transportation, poor economic conditions and heroin lapse. Conclusion The corresponding intervention measures should be formulated according to the research results. Government departments should regularly judge and guide policy in order to further enhance social publicity, eliminate misrecognition of methadone and promote methadone maintenance treatment for heroin addicts.