上海市长宁区青少年对新版《健康素养66条》(2015版)素养具备情况调查分析

Survey on the Mastery of the New Version of the “Health Literacy 66”(2015 Version) Among Teenagers in Changning District, Shanghai

目的了解上海市长宁区青少年对于新版《健康素养66条》(2015版)中核心知识的掌握情况,为今后开展健康素养干预提供合理依据。方法选取长宁区13~19岁青少年作为研究对象开展问卷调查。结果 394名调查对象的健康素养总体具备率为20.1%。基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能三个方面的具备率分别为24.1%、26.4%和10.9%。素养具备率从高到低的6类健康问题依次为:控烟知识(79.4%)、安全急救知识(73.1%)、慢性病防治知识(70.6%)、科学就医知识(51.5%)、传染病防治知识(45.4%)、合理膳食知识(33.5%)。结论长宁区青少年的健康素养总体具备情况较理想,但在基本技能方面仍需提高。慢性病、控烟的知识掌握较好,传染病与合理膳食需要加强干预。在今后的工作中,要针对2015版中新增的内容,通过规范健康教育课程、开展针对性的宣教活动、开发多元化教案和教材等手段进一步强化青少年的健康素养。

Objective To understand the mastery of the core knowledge from the new version of ＂Health Literacy 66＂（2015 version） among teenagers in Changning District, and to provide reasonable basis for future health interventions. Methods Teenagers aged 13-19 in Changning District were selected as the subjects and were conducted by the questionnaire suevey. Results Among 394 subjects, the overall level of health literacy was 20.1%. The proportions of persons with the basic knowledge and ideas, healthy lifestyle and behavior, and the basic skills were 24.1%, 26.4% and 10.9% respectively. The content of this questionnaire was divided into six kinds of health problems. The results showed that the health literacy rates from the highest to the lowest were 79.4% for tobacco control, 73.1% for safety first aid knowledge, 70.6% for chronic disease prevention knowledge, 51.1% for seeking medical treatment, 45.4% for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, and 33.5% for reasonable diet. Conclusion The overall health literacy level of teenagers in Changning District is ideal, but efforts still need to be done to improve the basic skills. The cognitive levels of the chronic diseases and tobacco control were fine, and more interventions should be done on the infectious diseases and reasonable diet. Especially on the newly added contents in the 2015 version, normalizing the health education courses, targeted activities, and diversified lessons and teaching materials should be developed to further increase the health literacy level of teenager in the future.