2014年广西来宾市居民健康素养监测分析

Analyses on Health literacy Among Residents in Laibin City of Guangxi in 2014

目的了解广西来宾市居民健康素养现状及影响因素,为针对性地制定健康素养干预策略提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段整群及PPS抽样方法,抽取广西来宾市21个监测点非集体居住的15~69岁常住人口进行问卷调查。结果共调查居民3,150人,有效问卷3,009人,问卷有效率95.52%。男性1,485人(49.35%),女性1,524人(50.65%);城市人口865人(28.75%),农村人口2,144人(71.25%)。2014年广西来宾市健康素养总体水平为7.08%;女性高于男性;25岁以上的人群健康素养水平随年龄增长而下降;文化程度越高,健康素养水平越高。3个方面的健康素养水平依次为:基本知识和理念素养水平为19.57%,健康生活方式与行为素养水平为13.53%,健康技能素养水平为13.19%。具备6类健康问题素养的比例由高到低依次为:安全与急救为44.20%,科学健康观为33.60%,传染病防治为21.17%,基本医疗为19.08%,健康信息为15.75%,慢性病预防为10.27%。结论来宾市居民健康素养总体处于较低水平,尤其是健康技能素养、健康信息素养和慢性病预防素养的水平。

Objective To assess the level and influencing factors of health literacy among residents in Laibin City of Guangxi, provide a basis for targeted health literacy intervention strategies. Methods Stratified multistage cluster and PPS sampling methods were adopted in the surveillance, and non-collective residents aged 15-69 years from 21 monitoring points were investigated. Results A total of 3,150 residents were investigated with valid 3,009 questionnaires, and the questionnaire efficiency was 95.52%. Among the residents, there were 1,485 males accounting for 49.35% and 1,524 females accounting for 50.65%; and the urban population were 865 accounting for 28.75% compared to the 2,144 rural population accounting for 71.25 %. The overall level of adjusted health literacy（AHL） among residents of Laibin in 2014 was 7.08%; the level of AHL of female was higher than that of male; the literacy level decreased with age increasing among residents with 〉25 years old; the higher culture degree, the higher the level of health literacy. Health literacy level of three aspects were： basic knowledge and concepts with 19.57%, life style and behavior with 13.53%, and basic health skills with 13.19%. The health literacy rates of six health issues as safely and first aid, scientific view of health, prevention of communicable diseases, basic medical care, health information and prevention of chronic diseases were 44.20%, 33.60%, 21.17%, 19.0%, 15.75%, and 10.27% respectively. Conclusion The level of health literacy of resident in Laibin is at a low level, especially in basic health skills, health information and prevention of chronic disease.