上海市郊某乡镇卫生应急体系建设研究

Study on the Construction of Health Emergency System in a Township in Shanghai Suburb

目的探讨乡镇卫生应急体系建设对于农村地区卫生应急工作的效果。方法选择上海市华亭镇居民1200人,采用访谈和问卷调查法对比项目实施前后居民卫生应急知识和急救常识的知晓情况。结果实施乡镇卫生应急建设项目后,农村居民卫生应急常识和急救常识知识均有提升(P<0.05)。地震避险知识、急救电话、院前急救5项措施、急性扭伤当天处理和急救技能的学习必要性的知晓率分别为89%、92%、74%、82%和86%,高于项目前的64%、82%、30%、49%和61%。结论目前,基层卫生应急体系存在的主要问题体现在预案建设不规范、人员应对力弱、物资保障不充分等方面。在各类应急事件频发的当下,应不断地从应急预案、应急体制、应急机制等,提出乡镇卫生应急体系建设进行优化。

Objective To investigate the effect of emergency system construction for health clinics in rural areas for emergency work. Methods A total of 1200 residents in Huating town were selected in this study. Interviews and questionnaires were used to compare the awareness of health emergency knowledge and first aid knowledge before and after the implementation of the project. Results The knowledge awareness rates of health emergency and first aid were improved after the implementation of township health emergency projects（P〈0.05）. The awareness rates of earthquake avoidance knowledge, emergency telephone, 5 measures of pre-hospital emergency, the treatment of acute sprain, and the necessity of learning first aid skills were 89%, 92%, 74%, 82% and 86%, respectively, and higher than those of 64%, 82%, 30%, 49% and 61% before the project. Conclusion At present, the main problems of the primary health emergency system are in the aspects of the nonstandard plan construction, the weak response to the personnel, and the inadequate material support. At present, all kinds of emergencies are frequent. The construction of township health emergency system from contingency plans, emergency system and emergency mechanism should be constantly improved.