2016年上海市虹口区居民健康素养现况及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Status and the Influencing Factors of Health Literacy Among Residents in Hongkou District of Shanghai in 2016

目的了解上海市虹口区居民健康素养现状及其影响因素,为今后制定有效的健康教育干预策略提供科学依据。方法根据《全国健康素养监测指导手册》,使用《上海市成人健康素养监测问卷》,采用多阶段整群抽样,对虹口区240名15~69岁社区常住居民人口进行问卷调查。结果 2016年,上海市虹口区市民总体健康素养水平为30.83%,其中基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能的水平分别为40.00%,34.58%和37.92%。综合健康素养水平的影响因素为学历,基本知识和理念水平的影响因素为年收入和学历,健康生活方式与行为水平的影响因素为学历和是否从事医务工作,基本技能水平的影响因素为年收入和是否从事医务工作。结论根据虹口区居民健康素养水平及相关影响因素,健康教育相关职能部门应根据不同特征人群特点,开展居民健康素养干预工作,提高整个人群的健康素养水平。健康信息素养的建设如微信、微博平台建设有望成为健康素养干预手段。

Objective To understand the current status of health literacy and its influencing factorsamong the residents in Hongkou, Shanghai, based on which to provide a scientific basis for the futuredevelopment of effective health education intervention strategies. Methods A total of 240 communityresidents with 15-69 years old were chosen by multi-stage cluster sampling method, whose were investigated byadult health literacy monitoring questionnaire for their health literacy. Results The overall health literacylevel of the residents was 30.83%, and the levels of basic knowledge and conception, healthy lifestyle andbehaviors, and basic health skills were 40.00%, 34.58%, and 37.92% respectively. The influencing factor ofoverall health literacy was education level; the influencing factors of basic knowledge and conception wereeducation level and annual income; the influencing factors of healthy lifestyle and behaviors were educationlevel and healthcare profession; the influencing factors of basic health skills were annual income and healthcareprofession. Conclusion According to the health literacy levels and influencing factors, the interventionwork should be carried out by the different characteristics of the different population to improve the healthliteracy levels. The construction of information-based health literacy is expected to become an effectiveintervention method with the help of WeChat and micro-blog.