天命、性理、心仁的开展与流行——对胡宏思想中几个关键问题的澄清

The Development and Popularity of the Fate,Nature and Benevolence:The Clarification of Several Key Issues in Hu Hong’s Thought

本文从天命、性理、心仁的开展与流行,讨论胡宏哲学研究中一直聚讼不已的几个问题：胡宏是性本论还是心本论？心宗性宗是一是二？心体缺乏规定性吗？胡宏综摄和张大了《论语》《中庸》《孟子》《周易》的框架,从天命发生的角度坚持命=诚、性=理、心=仁这一一分为三的思想格局,坚持存在自身与其伦理性、方向性相即的平行结构;胡宏将天道作为第一序的存在原则,性理为直接性的存在原则,要求学者识仁体,即识此天命不息、于穆不已的天道的直接呈现,其工夫论也配合其存在论有着三方面要求：以仁尽心、以心著性、以天体仁。仁之尽心义,心之形著义,天之呈现义,是胡宏思想的三个扭结。以流行作为考察心性关系的出发点,胡宏指出性不能不动,心不能不发,因而性与心除了其本有的存在性和主宰性,也兼具流行义和形著义。这体现了胡宏思想在原创性和综合性上都达到了一个高峰,为儒家思想的现代性转化提供了一个全新的思想空间。

This article intends to discuss several problems about the study of Hu Hong’s philosophy from the management,carry out the destiny,benevolence heart and popular: Hu Hong belong to the theory of mind or heart? The theories of mind and heart is one case or two cases? Is the body and mind lack of regulation? Hu Hong expanded the framework of "Analects of Confucius","Doctrine of the Mean","Mencius","The Book of Changes". From the perspective of destiny,he insist on that fate equals pure-heartedness,mind equals Confucian theory,the heart equals benevolence which is divided into three thinking pattern. He insisting on the presence of themselves and their ethical direction is parallel to the phase structure. Hu Hong regards heaven as the first order principle of existence. The mind is the principle of direct existence. He asked scholars to know the heaven,that is,to know the fate which is directly shown to us.