风电场有功功率控制综述

An Overview of Active Power Control in Wind Farms

由于风电具有随机性、波动性和反调峰特性,高比例的风电并入电网会对电力系统的稳定性和安全性造成很大的冲击,因此有必要对风电场有功功率输出进行控制,减少风电功率的波动性,提高输出功率的平滑性;同时,随着装机容量的不断增加,造成大量的弃风现象,风电场的控制模式由传统的最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)模式向限功率控制模式转变。基于弃风限电以及风电并网的控制要求这2个背景,分析了控制风电场有功功率的必要性,从单机功率控制和场站级功率控制2个层面出发,以场站级功率控制为侧重点,归纳总结了当前风电有功功率控制的研究现状,总结出不同控制方式的控制特点及不足之处,并对其研究方向进行了展望。

Due to the randomness, volatility and anti peak characteristics of wind power, a high proportion of wind power penetrating into the power grid will have a great impact on the stability and security of the power system. Therefore, it is necessary to control the active power of the wind farm to reduce the fluctuation and improve the smoothness of the output power. With the increasing installed capacity, a large number of wind curtailment occur, and the control mode of wind farm is changed from the traditional maximum power point tracking （MPPT） mode to the limit power control mode. The necessity of controlling the active power of the wind farm was analyzed, based on the backgrounds of the control requirements of the wind power connected to power grid and curtailment. Starting from the single machine power control and station level power control, taking the station level power control as the emphasis, the research status of active power control of wind power was summarized. The control characteristics and shortcomings of different control methods were summarized, and research directions were prospected.