冠状动脉介入治疗患者的社会支持现状调查及其影响因素分析

Investigation on social support status of patients undergoing coronary intervention and analysis of its influencing factors

目的调查大连地区不同等级医院冠心病介入治疗患者社会支持的现状，分析不同人口学特征对患者社会支持的影响，为冠心病介入治疗患者的康复和管理提供参考依据。方法2017年11月15—16日对大连市20家不同等级医院实施横断面调研，采取患者一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、自我管理行为量表及社会支持评定量表（SSRS）进行调研。结果大连地区不同等级医院冠心病介入治疗患者社会支持总分为（29．57±12．01）分。不同居住地、居住状况等人13学特征患者的社会支持得分比较差异有统计学意义（F=0．769、6．150，P〈0．01）。患者社会支持的影响因素是居住状况、抑郁、自我管理（r=-0．243、-0．129、0．255，P〈0．01）。结论大连地区不同等级医院冠心病介入治疗患者社会支持处于中等水平，并受居住状况、抑郁、自我管理等因素的影响，医护人员应制订相应的干预措施以提高其社会支持水平，提高患者的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the current situation of social support for patients with coronary heart disease intervention in different hospitals in Dalian, to analyze the influence of different demographic characteristics on patients＇ social support, to provide reference for the rehabilitation and management of patients undergoing coronary intervention surgery. Methods From November 15th to 16th, 2017, a cross-sectional unified investigation was carried out in 20 hospitals of different levels in Dalian, patients＇ general information questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）, Self-management Behavior Scale （SSRS） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） were adopted. Results The total score of social support was 29.57 ± 12.01 in patients with coronary artery disease and interventional therapy in different hospitals in Dalian area. The scores of social support in patients with different residence area and residence condition were statistically significant （F=1.769, 6.150, P 〈 0.01）. The influencing factors of patients＇ social support were living condition, depression and self-management （r=- 0.243, - 0.129, 0.255, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Social support for patients with coronary artery disease intervention in different hospitals in Dalian is at a moderate level. And affected by living conditions, depression, self-management and other factors. Medical staff should formulate corresponding intervention measures to improve their social support level and improve the quality of life of patients.