扎根乡土:新型农业经营主体发展的社会基础

Rooted in Rural Community:Social Basis for Development of New Subjects of Agriculture

以一个经历农业转型的乡镇为例,分析了新型农业经营主体和小农家庭经营以及乡土社会之间的关系。研究发现,从事规模经营的新型农业经营主体并不一定能从根本上消灭小农家庭经营、改变乡土社会;而乡土社会也并不一定会以其特殊的社会经济关系结构就天然排挤新型农业经营主体。当新型农业经营主体的规模经营并未对村民原先的日常生产生活实践造成过度冲击之时,其所遭遇到的来自乡土社会的反向力量就会相对减弱。与此同时,如能透过连属家庭经营、利用乡土性社会准则这两种方式,新型农业经营主体更可巧妙地将两者吸纳到自己的支配体系之中,并就此建立起自身发展的社会基础。

Taking a township undergoing agrarian transformation as an example,this paper explored the relationship between the new subjects of agriculture and small scale family farming and rural community.The research found that,on the one hand,the new subjects of agriculture engaging in scale management does not necessarily eliminate the small scale family farming and change the rural community;on the other hand,the rural community does not necessarily exclude the new subjects of agriculture with its special social-economic structure.When the scale management of the new subjects of agriculture does not cause an excessive impact on the villagers＇ daily production and living practices,the reverse forces they encounter from the rural community will be relatively weakened.Meanwhile,through two strategies,articulating family farming and utilizing local social norms,the new subjects of agriculture can establish their own social basis of development.