复杂地表千米埋深煤层三维地震勘探方法

3D Seismic Exploration Method for Kilometer Depth Coal in Complicated Surface Area

为查明XJL煤矿深部区煤层赋存形态和地质构造,对该区域进行了三维地震勘探。该区域三维地震勘探难点为煤层埋藏深、地表复杂、勘探程度低、16煤资料品质差、分辨率低及信噪比低等,针对以上难点,采集过程采取了优化观测系统、Goody GIS结合Klseis软件指导实施特殊观测系统及深井小药量激发等措施;处理过程重点做好了反褶积、去噪及偏移环节;解释过程采用面、块、体结合的综合解释方法,重点做好时深转换速度的分段计算。本次勘探查明了新生界底界起伏形态及3煤层赋存形态,解释了67条断层。经钻探验证,解释成果精度较高。

In order to research coal seam occurrence and geological structure in deep mining area of XJL Coal Mine, 3D seismic exploration is carried out in this area. The difficulties of 3D seismic exploration in this area were deeply buried coal seams,complicated surface, poor data of 16#coal, low exploration degree, low signal-to-noise ratio and low resolution etc. Aimed at above difficulties, the acquisition process adopts the measures including optimizing observation system, Goody GIS combined with Klseis software to guide the implementation of the special observation system and the deep well small dosage excitation;deconvolution, noise suppression and migration were important steps in data processing; the interpretation process adopts the integrated interpretation method of surface, block and body, and focuses on the piecewise calculation of the time-depth conversion speed. This exploration finds out the undulating morphology of Cenozoic and the occurrence of 3#coal seam, and explains the 67 faults. It is verified that the results are more accurate by drilling.