艾滋病高发地区HIV阳性育龄妇女生育意愿及影响因素分析

Reproductive desire of women with HIV at reproductive ages in high-risk areas and analysis of influencing factors

目的了解艾滋病高发地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性育龄妇女生育意愿,分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,对云南瑞丽市和陇川县、新疆伊宁市和霍城市、广西贺州市的HIV阳性育龄妇女进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行分析。结果 819例调查对象平均年龄(35.7±6.3)岁,75.7%(620/819)为少数民族,小学及以下文化程度者占50.2%(411/819),46.8%(383/819)为农民,34.2%(280/819)无业,44.6%(365/819)为初婚,71.7%(587/819)人均年收入不足5 000元,86.9%(712/819)为本县区居民,73.9%(605/819)为农村户口。16.0%(131/819)有生育意愿,现无孩子的59.2%(42/71)有生育意愿,现已有孩子的11.9%(89/748)有生育意愿。97.1%(795/819)曾怀孕,孕次平均3次。现有孩子数是HIV阳性育龄妇女生育意愿的影响因素,40~49岁年龄组为危险因素,初中文化程度、目前有1个孩子为保护因素。结论调查地区已有孩子的HIV阳性育龄妇女生育意愿低,无孩子的生育意愿较高,针对HIV阳性育龄妇女的避孕相关健康教育亟待开展。

Objective To study the reproductive desire of women with HIV at reproductive age in high-risk areas and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Cross-sectional survey was applied in the study.The questionnaire survey was conducted among HIV women of reproductive age at 5 research sites in Ruili city and Longchuan county of Yunnan province,Yining city and Huocheng city of Xinjiang province,Hezhou city of Guangxi province. Results The average age of 819 participants was 5.7±6.3 years old and 75.7%（620/819）were minorities;50.2%（411/819）are with only elementary education or below,46.8%（383/819）were farmers,34.2%（280/819）unemployed,44.6%（365/819）were in their first marriage,71.7%（587/819）are with less than 5 000（Chinese Yuan）of annual per capita income,and 73.9%（605/819）live in rural areas.The rate with reproductive desire of participants was 16.0%（131/819）,and 59.2%（42/71）participants are without children.11.9%（89/748）participants have children.97.1%（795/819）were pregnant and the average of pregnancies was three times.The number of children is the influencing factor.40-49 age group was the risk factor.Junior high school education with one child was the protective factor. ConclusionsWomen with HIV of reproductive age without children showed higher reproductive desire while those with children showed lower reproductive desire.