城乡老年人就业状况比较

Comparison of employment status between urban and rural elderly

比较城乡老年人就业状况的差异是开发老年人力资源、促进老年人就业的关键问题之一。文中基于陕西省的调研资料,首先从统计的角度比较了城乡老年人就业状况,发现农村老年人的就业率高于城市老年人;农村受访者以务农为主要选择,城市受访者则更多选择经商。其次采用计量模型对影响老年人就业状况的因素进行分析,发现:性别、子女数量、晚辈孝顺程度、收入是否够用、医疗保险对于城乡老年人就业状况的影响明显不同;年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、健康状况、居住方式对于城乡老年人的就业状况都存在显著性影响,而且影响方向一致;养老保险对于城乡老年人的就业状况都没有显著性影响。

Comparing the employment status of the elderly in urban and rural areas is one of the key issues for the development of the elderly human resources and the promotion of employment for the elderly. Based on the investigation data of Shaanxi Province,the employment status of the elderly between urban and rural areas was compared statistically. It is found that the current employment rate of the elderly in rural areas are higher than the city elderly. Rural interviewees chose agriculture as the main choice,and urban respondents mostly chose business. Using econometric model to analyze the influence factor of the elderly current employment,It is found that： gender,number of son and daughter,filial piety degree of juniors,income,medical insurance have significantly different effect on the current working state for the elderly in urban and rural areas. Age,marital status,education level,health status and mode of living have obvious influence on the current working state for the elderly people in urban and rural areas,and the influence is consistent. The endowment insurance has no significant influence on the current work status of old people in urban and rural areas.