吉林省珲春保护区敬信湿地冬季水鸟数量调查及多样性分析

Investigation and Diversity Analysis on the Number of Winter Waterfowl in Jingxin Wetland of Hunchun Nature Reserve in Jilin Province

2016年11月—2017年1月,采用样点法对珲春敬信湿地内的水鸟数量进行了调查,观测并记录到水鸟14 972只,隶属于6目6科13种。雁形目6种,鹳形目和鸥形目各2种,??目、鹈形目和鹤形目各1种;夏候鸟9种,旅鸟4种;古北界鸟类11种,广布种鸟类2种。从研究地区的4种生境类型(库塘、农田-库塘、库塘-沼泽和溪流)进行生物多样性(Shannon-Wiene指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数、Sorenson相似性指数)对比分析,结果表明:农田-库塘、库塘-沼泽更适合冬季水鸟生存,库塘、溪流不适宜冬季水鸟生存。

From November 2016 to January 2017, the number of waterfowl in Hunchun Jingxin wetland was investigated, observed and recorded 14 972 species, belonging to 6 orders, 6 families and 13 species by the sampling method. Six kinds of Anseriformes, 2 kinds of Ciconiiformes and lariformes, 1 kind of grebe, pelecaniformes and Gruiformes ; 9 species of summer migrants, 4 species of Palaearctic birds; 11 species of Palaearctic realm birds, 2 species of widely distributed birds were observed. According to the 4 habitat types in study area （ ponds, farmland ponds, pond-swamps and streams） of biological diversity （Shannon-Wiene index, Pielou evenness index and Simpson dominance index and Sorenson similarity index） comparative analysis, the results showed that the pond marsh farmland was more suitable for winter birds survival, ponds and streams not suitable.