不同炮制方法对天麻6个成分含量的影响与评价

Effects of different processing methods on the content of six components in Gastrodia elata

目的:建立HPLC法同时测定天麻中6个成分含量,并采用雷达图分析及评价其物质基础改变与不同炮制方法的相关性。方法:采用迪马C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相乙腈(A)-0.05%磷酸(B),梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 m L/min;检测波长270 nm;柱温25℃。将3批不同炮制方法天麻样品中6种化学成分含量数据采用SPSS 10.0软件进行组间t检验统计处理;以代表批次天麻的6种化学成分进行雷达图分析。结果:方法学验证结果表明,3批不同炮制方法天麻的6个化学成分在各自线性范围内呈良好的线性关系(r>0.9990),平均回收率在99.5%~101.0%之间(RSD 0.9%~2.9%);不同炮制方法的样品测定分析结果表明,天麻的组分和含量存在差异性,其中巴利森苷A含量在微波炮制中具有统计学意义(P<0.05);雷达图结果表明,天麻素的含量在蜜制和微波后较其它工艺高,对羟基苯甲醇的含量则在酒制后较其它工艺高;而5-HMF大部分只在微波工艺中检测到。结论:本检测方法快速、准确,可为中医临床用药提供科学依据,为建立不同规格天麻饮片质量标准提供参考和数据支撑。

In this study,we established a method for simultaneous determination of the content of six components in Gastrodia elata by HPLC,and adopted the radar diagram to analyze the relationship between material basis change and different processing methods. The HPLC parameters were as follows： Diamond C18 column（ 250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm）,acetonitrile（ A）-0. 05% phosphoric acid（ B） as mobile phase,gradient elution,flow rate of 1. 0 m L/min,detection wavelength of 270 nm,and column temperature at 25 ℃. The data of three batches of Gastrodia elata samples by different processing methods were obtained,and SPSS 10. 0 software was adopted to perform t-test among designed groups. The radar diagram was made for one representative batch. The results indicated that,the six components in three batches of Gastrodia elata showed good linearity（ r〉0. 9990） within the concentration ranges.The average recoveries were between 99. 5 % to 101. 0 %（ RSD was 0. 9 % to 2. 9 %）. The content of the six components showed difference among different processing methods. The content of parishin A by microwave processing showed significant difference compared with others（ P〈0. 05）. The radar diagram showed that the content of gastrodin was higher by honey/microwave processing,the content of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol was higher by alcohol processing,while 5-HMF could only be detected by microwave processing. The established method was rapid and accurate,and could provide scientific evidence for clinical medication,as well as basis for establishing quality standards for Gastrodia elata products.