广州海珠湿地2015～2016年水质时空变化特征及保护策略

Spatial-temporal Variations of Water Quality Parameters in Haizhu Wetland in Guangzhou and the Water Protection Strategy

为揭示广州海珠湿地水质的变化规律及提出湿地水质保护策略,通过设置监测断面获取了2015~2016年的逐月水质监测数据,对广州海珠湿地水质时空变化进行了综合分析。结果表明:在时间分布上,pH值、溶解氧、生化需氧量、氨氮和总磷受水文季节变化过程、湿地植物代谢及人类活动等的综合影响,具有明显的季节性变化特征。空间分布上,在石榴岗河至海珠湖区域,出现显著的水体污染物消解路线,下游入湖水质明显优于上游珠江河口水质,反映出上游存在外源性污染物输入和人类活动干扰。因此,要进一步开展污染物控制、生态缓冲带修复及制度建设,保证广州海珠湿地的水质改善。

To explore the regular pattern of water quality variation and its influenced factors of Haizhu Wetland in Guangzhou, we comprehensively analyzed the spatial-temporal variations of water quality in Haizhu Wetland using the water quality data monitored monthly during 2015~2016. The results showed that an obvious seasonal variation of water quality index was caused by the interaction effects among hydrology, litter decomposition of wetland plants and human activities. The water of the downstream showed better water quality than the upstream water obviously with low high content of nitrogen, phosphorus and higher dissolved oxygen. Therefore, the water quality could be improved by controlling the exogenous pollution and storing aquatic-terrestrial ecozone.