城市森林对氮氧化物(NO_X)净化作用研究进展

Review of Nitrogen Oxides(NO_X) Purification Functions by Urban Forest

基于国内外近几十年城市森林对气态污染物影响的发展进程与有关城市森林产生的生态功能研究成果,文章针对氮氧化物(NO_X)的来源、危害以及不同尺度的城市森林对NO_X的净化作用及机理进行概述;同时,分别从时间尺度与空间尺度对比分析了城市森林内NO_X浓度的日变化与季节变化以及水平变化和垂直变化,归纳出城市森林净化NO_X的时空变化特征;并总结出影响城市森林净化NO_X的作用的因素及其相关关系。综上所述,建议在今后的研究工作中应注重确定城市森林植被净化NO_X的浓度阈值;开展多尺度城市森林对NO_X净化作用的研究;充分发挥城市森林的生态功能特性,合理规划城市森林。最终以完善城市森林对NO_X净化机制的研究,对降低气态污染物浓度及其综合防治措施具有重要意义,为今后深入研究城市森林系统所发挥的生态功能寻求新的契机。

Based on the domestic and foreign development of urban forest effect on gaseous pollutants and the research findings on the ecological functions of urban forests in recent decades, the sources and harms of nitrogen oxides（NOX）, and the purification effects and mechanisms of urban forest on NOX at different scales were introduced. Diurnal and seasonal variations of NOX in urban forest were investigated at temporal scales and spatial scales, while spatial variations including horizontal and vertical changes in NOX concentration were observed. The spatio-temporal characteristics and their influences of NOX purification were summarized in the urban forest. In conclusion, it was suggested that future researches should focus on the determination of the threshold of NOX purification to develop their ecological functions and rational designs in urban forest at different scales, for the purpose to improve the abilities of urban forest on NOX purification. It is of great implication to decrease the concentrations of gaseous pollutants and to find the new development opportunities of ecological functions on urban forest systems in future.